10 Most Populated Countries in 2025: India Still Leads

TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Population growth continues to shape the world, particularly in the most populated countries such as China, India, and Indonesia. While a steady hike can drive economic and social development, uncontrolled increases require careful monitoring, as they can impact resources, infrastructure, and political stability.

This article explores the ten nations with the highest populations, their rapid growth trends, and the challenges and opportunities associated with their expanding demographics.

Based on the data published by Visual Capitalist, India is the most populated country in 2025, having surpassed China in 2023. Other populous nations in the top rankings include:

1. India - 1.46 Billion 

In recent years, India has become the most populated country in the world following its dramatic population growth in 2023. Driven by a high fertility rate and birth rate, India effortlessly dethroned China. Despite concerns about this rapid increase, many young couples continue to have more than two children.

2. China - 1.41 Billion 

Although historically the world's most populous nation, China now ranks second. China's population has declined for three consecutive years, primarily due to an aging demographic. According to UN-iLibrary, China's population is projected to fall below 1 billion by the end of the century.

3. United States - 347 Million 

The United States, known for its innovation across various sectors, attracts significant migration due to its economic opportunities, lifestyle, and cultural diversity. Cities like New York City, which house numerous immigrants, exemplify this trend.

4. Indonesia - 286 Million 

Indonesia, another populous Asian nation, has experienced rapid population growth over the past decades. In addition to a high birth rate, the country faces persisting challenges related to migration.

5. Pakistan - 255 Million 

Pakistan, an export-driven country, has a rapidly growing population, with a majority of its citizens under the age of 22. It also has one of the world's second-largest Muslim populations by percentage. Despite its booming population, Pakistan faces poverty due to political instability and corruption.

6. Nigeria - 238 Million 

Among the most populated countries, Nigeria is projected to experience some of the greatest challenges as poverty remains a prevalent concern. Over 15 million people struggle to access basic necessities. This situation could lead to greater socioeconomic problems as Nigeria's population continues to rise.

7. Brazil - 213 Million 

Brazil has long been recognized for its rapid population growth, solidifying its status as one of the most densely populated urban centers. It occupies nearly half of South America’s landmass, making it among the world’s largest nations. Its industrial complexes, farmlands, and mineral resources contribute to its position as a major economic force.

8. Bangladesh - 176 Million 

Bangladesh, projected to reach its peak population in 2053, is among the top ten most populated countries. Factors contributing to its growth include the need for agricultural labor, social norms regarding family size, and high fertility rates.

9. Russia - 144 Million 

Despite experiencing a rapid population decline in 2021, Russia remains among the most populated countries, due to its large territory spanning Asia and Europe. Its high urbanization also plays a factor.

10. Ethiopia - 136 Million 

Ethiopia, the second most populous country in Africa after Nigeria, has seen economic growth, but it remains one of the world's poorest nations, with a low gross national income per capita of $1,020, according to the World Bank’s report.

The world's most populated countries are at the forefront of global change, driving economic growth, social transformations, and political shifts. However, rapid population expansion also presents challenges, including resource allocation, urban development, and economic inequality. For related information, explore the largest countries in the world here.

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