TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Varicose veins are often seen as purely aesthetic issues, as they manifest as protruding veins in the legs, affecting one's appearance. However, this condition is actually a sign of disruption in the vein system, which can develop into a serious issue if neglected.
Dr. Emanoel Oepangat, a Cardiovascular Specialist at Heartology Cardiovascular Hospital, stated that varicose veins are part of chronic vein diseases, reflecting the disruption of blood flow in the lower limbs. "Many patients only seek treatment when they experience pain, swelling, or wounds on their legs. Yet, varicose veins are a progressive condition that becomes increasingly difficult to address if left untreated," said Emanoel.
"Early intervention can prevent serious complications such as chronic venous insufficiency, ulcers, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT)," he added.
Affecting Anyone
Varicose veins can affect anyone, regardless of gender. Data from the Journal of Vascular Surgery and the World Health Organization (WHO) notes that the prevalence of varicose veins reaches around 25 percent in women and 10-15 percent in men worldwide.
In men, varicose vein symptoms generally include a heaviness in the legs, dull pain after prolonged standing, swelling in the ankles, and the appearance of protruding or winding veins on the skin's surface. This condition is often found in men with occupations requiring prolonged standing (such as security guards, healthcare workers, or factory workers) or prolonged sitting (such as drivers or office workers).
Meanwhile, women are more vulnerable due to hormonal influences, especially during pregnancy or menopause. "Estrogen and progesterone hormones can weaken blood vessel walls, while intra-abdominal pressure during pregnancy adds to the workload of the leg veins," explained Emanoel.
Varicose vein symptoms often develop gradually and seem mild at first, so they are often overlooked. However, visual changes and discomfort can be early signs of venous circulation disorders.
Some early symptoms include heavy legs, dull pain, or quick fatigue after activity. There are also symptoms of ankle swelling, especially in the evening. Additionally, there may be the appearance of bluish or purplish fine veins under the skin. Other symptoms include the emergence of thick and twisted veins on the skin's surface. In advanced stages, there may be changes in skin color, especially in the lower calf area. "Dark spots on the legs are often mistaken for diabetes-related, when they could actually be a sign of long-standing chronic vein disease," said Emanoel.
Emanoel stated that in treatment, patients undergo precise evaluation of vein valves and insufficiency levels using Duplex Ultrasound Vascular technology, which can assess valve function and detect blockage locations with high accuracy.
The examination results form the basis for determining the most appropriate therapy, ranging from medical compression therapy to improve vein return flow. Additionally, there is sclerotherapy, involving the injection of a special solution to close problematic veins. There are also services for Radiofrequency Ablation and Laser Vein Therapy, minimally invasive techniques without major incisions that allow patients to go home the same day.
"We aim to change public perceptions of varicose veins, improve vein return flow, restore vein function, and prevent long-term complications. Varicose veins are a sign of a disrupted circulation system, not just bluish veins on the skin's surface," said Emanoel.
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